Ibyagezweho mu iterambere rya modules zo gukonjesha amashanyarazi

Ibyagezweho mu iterambere rya modules zo gukonjesha amashanyarazi

I. Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho n'ubushobozi buke

1. Gushimangira igitekerezo cya "ikirahure cya phonon - crystal y'ikoranabuhanga": •

Icyagezweho vuba aha: Abashakashatsi bihutishije inzira yo gusuzuma ibikoresho bishobora kuba bifite ubushyuhe buke cyane hamwe n’ingano ya Seebeck iri hejuru binyuze mu kubara hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo hejuru no kwiga imashini. Urugero, bavumbuye ibinyabutabire bya Zintl phase (nka YbCd2Sb2) bifite imiterere ikomeye ya kristu n’ibinyabutabire bifite ishusho nk’iya cage, bifite agaciro ka ZT karenze aka Bi2Te3 gakondo mu rugero runaka rw’ubushyuhe. •

Ingamba za "Entropy engineering": Gushyira mu bikorwa ikibazo cy’imiterere y’ibikoresho mu byuma bifite entropy nyinshi cyangwa ibikoresho bikomeye bifite ibice byinshi, bigakwirakwiza cyane phononi kugira ngo bigabanye cyane imikorere y’ubushyuhe bitabangamiye cyane imiterere y’amashanyarazi, byabaye uburyo bushya bwiza bwo kongera ubwiza bw’amashanyarazi.

2. Iterambere ry'imbere mu miterere mito n'iy'ibinyabutabire:

Ibikoresho bya thermoelectric bifite imiterere ibiri: Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku gice kimwe/igice kimwe cya SnSe, MoS₂, nibindi bwagaragaje ko ingaruka zabyo zo gufungana kwa quantum hamwe n'imiterere y'ubuso bishobora gutera imbaraga nyinshi cyane ndetse no kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo gukora micro-TECs ntoya cyane, modules za thermoelectric cooling, micro peltier coolers (ibintu bya micro peltier).

Ubuhanga mu miterere y’urusobe rw’ibikoresho bya nanometero: Kugenzura neza imiterere mito nk’imipaka y’ibinyampeke, kwimuka kw’ibinyampeke, n’imiterere y’ibinyampeke, nk’uko “amafiriti ya phononi”, bigakwirakwiza mu buryo butoranyije ibikoresho by’ubushyuhe (phononi) mu gihe bireka electron zikanyura neza, bityo bigaca isano isanzwe y’ibipimo bya thermoelectric (gutwara, coefficient ya Seebeck, gutwara ubushyuhe).

II. Gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gushyira muri firigo n'ibikoresho bishya

1. Gukonjesha hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ubushyuhe:

Iyi ni icyerekezo gishya gihinduka. Mu gukoresha uburyo bwo kwimuka no guhindura ibyiciro (nk'amashanyarazi no gukonjesha) bya iyoni (aho kuba electron/imyobo) munsi y'umurima w'amashanyarazi kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kwinjiza ubushyuhe neza. Ubushakashatsi buheruka bwerekana ko jeli zimwe na zimwe za iyoni cyangwa electrolyte zirimo amazi zishobora gutanga itandukaniro rinini cyane ry'ubushyuhe kurusha TEC zisanzwe, modules za peltier, modules za TEC, coolers za Thermoelectric, ku muvuduko muto, bifungura inzira nshya rwose yo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha ryoroshye, rituje kandi rikora neza cyane mu gisekuru gitaha.

2. Kugerageza gukonjesha hakoreshejwe amakarita y'amashanyarazi n'amakarita y'umuvuduko: •

Nubwo atari uburyo bwo gushyuha, nk'ikoranabuhanga rihangana mu gukonjesha ibintu bikomeye, ibikoresho (nk'ibinyabutabire na za keramike) bishobora kugaragaza ihindagurika rikomeye ry'ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'amashanyarazi cyangwa umuvuduko. Ubushakashatsi buheruka burimo kugerageza gukata no gushyira hamwe ibikoresho bya electro-calorie/pressurcalorie, no gukora igereranya rishingiye ku mahame n'ipiganwa na TEC, module ya peltier, module yo gushyuha ya thermoelectric, na Peltier kugira ngo harebwe ibisubizo byo gushyuha bikoresha ingufu nke cyane.

III. Imbibi z'Uburyo bwo Guhuza Sisitemu n'Ubuvumbuzi mu Gukoresha

1. Guhuza ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe chips kuri "urwego rwa chips":

Ubushakashatsi buheruka bwibanze ku guhuza micro TECmodule ntoya y'amashanyarazi， (module yo gukonjesha amashanyarazi), ibintu bya peltier, na chips zishingiye kuri silikoni mu buryo bumwe (muri chip imwe). Hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems), micro-scale thermoelectric column arrays zikorwa inyuma ya chips kugira ngo habeho "point-to-point" active cooling mu gihe nyacyo ku bice bito bya CPUs/GPUs, byitezwe ko bizaca mu kaga k'ubushyuhe munsi y'imiterere ya Von Neumann. Iki gifatwa nk'imwe mu bisubizo by'ingenzi ku kibazo cy' "urukuta rw'ubushyuhe" rwa chips z'amashanyarazi za mudasobwa mu gihe kizaza.

2. Gucunga ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kwambara no koroshya:

Guhuza imikorere ibiri yo gutanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi akoresha ubushyuhe n'ubukonje. Ibikorwa biheruka kugerwaho birimo guteza imbere insinga z'amashanyarazi zirambara n'izikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi. Izi nsinga ntizishobora gusa gutanga amashanyarazi ku bikoresho byambarwa hakoreshejwe itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe.ariko kandi bigafasha mu gukonjesha aho hantu (nk'imyenda yihariye yo gukonjesha) binyuze mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi usubira inyuma， kugera ku micungire y’ingufu n’ubushyuhe ihuriweho.

3. Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe mu ikoranabuhanga rya quantum no kugenzura ubuzima:

Mu nzego zigezweho nka quantum bits na sensor zipima ubushyuhe bwinshi, kugenzura ubushyuhe neza cyane ku rwego rwa mK (millikelvin) ni ingenzi. Ubushakashatsi buheruka bwibanze kuri sisitemu za TEC zifite ibyiciro byinshi, module ya peltier ifite ibyiciro byinshi (module yo gukonjesha thermoelectric) zifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru cyane (± 0.001°C) kandi bugasuzuma ikoreshwa rya module ya TEC, device ya peltier, cooler ya peltier, mu guhagarika urusaku, hagamijwe gushyiraho ibidukikije bihamye cyane by'ubushyuhe kuri platform za quantum computing n'ibikoresho byo gutahura molekile imwe.

IV. Udushya mu Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gusimbuza no Guteza Imbere

Igishushanyo mbonera gishingiye ku bwenge bw'ubukorano: Gukoresha ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu (AU) (nk'imiyoboro y'impinduka mu guteranya ibintu, kwigira ku buryo bwo kongera imbaraga) mu gushushanya inyuma "imiterere y'ibikoresho", guhanura imiterere myiza y'ibikoresho byinshi, ibice bitandukanye n'imiterere y'ibikoresho kugira ngo hagerwe ku gipimo ntarengwa cyo gukonjesha mu rugero runini rw'ubushyuhe, bigabanya cyane uruziga rw'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere.

Incamake:

Ibyagezweho mu bushakashatsi bwa nyuma bwa peltier element, thermoelectric cooling module (TEC module) biri kuva ku "gutera imbere" kugera ku "guhinduka". Ibiranga by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira: •

Urwego rw'ibikoresho: Kuva ku gukoresha ibintu byinshi kugeza ku buryo bwo kugenzura urwego rwa atome no kugenzura entropy engineering.

Ku rwego rw'ibanze: Kuva ku kwishingikiriza kuri electrons kugeza ku gushakisha ibikoresho bishya byo gutwara charge nka iyoni na polaron.

Urwego rwo guhuza: Kuva ku bice bitandukanye kugeza ku guhuza byimbitse n'udupira, imyenda, n'ibikoresho by'ibinyabuzima.

Urwego rw'intego: Kuva ku gukonjesha ku rwego rwa macro kugera ku gukemura ibibazo byo gucunga ubushyuhe by'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka quantum computing na optoelectronics integrated.

Izi ntambwe zatewe imbere zigaragaza ko ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha amashanyarazi mu gihe kizaza rizaba rikora neza kurushaho, rito, rifite ubwenge, kandi ryinjijwe mu rufatiro rw'ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru, ikoranabuhanga ry'ibinyabuzima, n'ingufu z'iki gihe gitaha.