Icyerekezo gishya cy'iterambere ry'inganda zikora ubukonje bw'amashanyarazi

Icyerekezo gishya cy'iterambere ry'inganda zikora ubukonje bw'amashanyarazi

Imashini zikonjesha zikoresha amashanyarazi, zizwi kandi nka thermoelectric cooling modules, zifite inyungu zidasubirwaho mu nzego runaka bitewe n’imiterere yazo nko kutagira ibice bigenda, kugenzura ubushyuhe neza, ingano nto, no kwizera cyane. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, nta ntambwe yahungabanyije mu bikoresho by’ibanze muri uru rwego, ariko hari intambwe ikomeye yatewe mu kunoza ibikoresho, gushushanya sisitemu, no kwagura ikoreshwa ryabyo.

Ibi bikurikira ni bimwe mu byerekezo bishya by'iterambere:

I. Iterambere mu bikoresho by'ingenzi n'ibikoresho

Gukomeza kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi

Gukoresha neza ibikoresho gakondo (Bi₂Te₃ -bishingiye kuri): Ibinyabutabire bya Bismuth tellurium bikomeje kuba ibikoresho bikora neza cyane hafi y'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba. Ubushakashatsi buri kwibandaho muri iki gihe ni ukurushaho kongera agaciro k'amashanyarazi binyuze mu bikorwa nko gukora nanosizing, doping, na texturing. Urugero, mu gukora insinga za nano na superlattice kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza phonon no kugabanya uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, imikorere ishobora kunozwa bitagize ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo amashanyarazi atwara.

Gushakisha ibikoresho bishya: Nubwo bitaraboneka ku isoko ku rwego runini, abashakashatsi bagiye bashakisha ibikoresho bishya nka SnSe, Mg₃Sb₂, na CsBi₄Te₆, bishobora kugira ubushobozi burenze bwa Bi₂Te₃ mu duce twihariye tw’ubushyuhe, bigatanga amahirwe yo kongera umusaruro mu gihe kizaza.

Udushya mu miterere y'ibikoresho no guhuza ibikoresho

Gutunganya no gutunganya: Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bito nka ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga (nk'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoresha terefone zigendanwa bigabanya ubushyuhe) n'ibikoresho by'itumanaho bikoresha optique, inzira yo gukora micro-TEC (modules zo gukonjesha za thermoelectric, modules za thermoelectric za Miniature) iragenda irushaho kuba nziza. Birashoboka gukora modules za peltier, cooler za peltier, ibikoresho bya peltier, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingano ya mm 1 × 1 cyangwa ntoya, kandi bishobora gushyirwa mu buryo bworoshye mu miterere kugira ngo bikonje neza mu gace runaka.

Moduli ya TEC ihindagurika (module ya peltier): Iyi ni ingingo igezweho. Hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga nk'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byacapwe n'ibikoresho byoroshye, module za TEC zitari planar, ibikoresho bya peltier bishobora kunamikwa no gukurikizwa birakorwa. Ibi bifite amahirwe menshi mu nzego nka ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bishobora kwambarwa ndetse n'ubuvuzi bw'ibinyabuzima bwo mu gace runaka (nk'ibikoresho bikonjesha byoroshye).

Kunoza imiterere y’ibipimo byinshi: Ku bihe bisaba itandukaniro rikomeye ry’ubushyuhe, module ya TEC y’ibipimo byinshi, module zo gukonjesha ikirere zikoresha thermoelectric ...

Ii. Kwagura Porogaramu n'Ibisubizo byo ku rwego rwa Sisitemu

Ubu ni bwo buryo bugezweho cyane aho iterambere rishya rishobora kugaragara mu buryo butaziguye.

Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo bushyushye

Ikintu cy'ingenzi kibangamira imikorere ya module ya TEC, module ya thermoelectric, na module ya peltier akenshi ni ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe ku gice gishyushye. Kunoza imikorere ya TEC birushaho gukomera hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukaraba ubushyuhe mu buryo bunoze.

Ihujwe n'ibyumba by'umwuka bya VC/imiyoboro y'ubushyuhe: Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n'abaguzi, module ya TEC, igikoresho cya peltier gikunze guhuzwa n'ibyumba by'umwuka bya vacuum chamber. Module ya TEC, cooler ya peltier ifite inshingano zo gukora agace k'ubushyuhe buke, mu gihe VC ikwirakwiza neza ubushyuhe kuva ku mpera ishyushye ya module ya TEC, igice cya peltier kugeza ku mababa manini akwirakwiza ubushyuhe, igakora igisubizo cya sisitemu "yo gukonjesha bikora + gutwara no gukuraho ubushyuhe neza". Iyi ni isura nshya mu buryo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kuri telefoni zikoresha imikino n'amakarita y'amashusho yo ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Ihujwe na sisitemu zo gukonjesha amazi: Mu nzego nka za data centers na lasers zifite ingufu nyinshi, module ya TEC ihuzwa na sisitemu zo gukonjesha amazi. Binyuze mu gukoresha ubushobozi bwo gushyushya bwinshi bw'amazi, ubushyuhe buri ku mpera y'ubushyuhe bwa module ya TEC module thermoelectric burakurwaho, bigatuma habaho ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha budasanzwe.

Igenzura ry'ubwenge n'imicungire myiza y'ingufu

Sisitemu zigezweho zo gukonjesha amashanyarazi zirimo kwiyongera zihuza ibikoresho byo gupima ubushyuhe n’ibikoresho byo kugenzura PID/PWM. Mu guhindura uburyo umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi winjiramo, module ya TEC, module ya peltier mu gihe nyacyo binyuze muri algorithms, ubushyuhe bushobora kugerwaho bungana na ± 0.1℃ cyangwa burenze, mu gihe hirindwa ko umuriro urenze urugero n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ndetse no kuzigama ingufu.

Uburyo bwo gukora pulse: Kuri zimwe muri porogaramu, gukoresha pulse power supply aho gukoresha power continuously bishobora guhaza ibisabwa byo gukonjesha ako kanya mu gihe bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry'ingufu muri rusange no kuringaniza umutwaro w'ubushyuhe.

Iii. Imirima ikoreshwa mu iterambere ry’inganda n’iry’iterambere ryinshi

Gutwika ubushyuhe ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n'abaguzi

Terefone zikoresha imikino n'ibikoresho bya e-sport: Iyi ni imwe mu ngingo zikomeye zazamutse ku isoko rya thermoelectric cooling modules, TEC modules, na pletier modules mu myaka ya vuba aha. Active cooling back clip ifite modules za thermoelectric (TEC modules) zubatswemo, zishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa SoC ya telefoni munsi y'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere, bigatuma ikora neza mu gihe cyo gukina.

Mudasobwa zigendanwa na mudasobwa zigendanwa: Zimwe mu mudasobwa zigendanwa zigezweho n'amakarita y'amashusho (nk'amakarita y'inyongera ya NVIDIA RTX 30/40) zatangiye kugerageza guhuza module za TEC, module za thermoelectric kugira ngo zifashe mu gukonjesha utubumbe tw'ibanze.

Ibigo by'itumanaho n'amakuru

Module za optique za 5G/6G: Lazeri (DFB/EML) muri module za optique zihuta cyane zikenera ubushyuhe kandi zikenera TEC kugira ngo ubushyuhe buhoraho buhamye (ubusanzwe buri muri ± 0.5℃) bukomeze guhagarara neza no kohereza amakuru. Uko umubare w'amakuru ugenda uhinduka ukagera kuri 800G na 1.6T, ibisabwa n'ibisabwa kuri module za TEC zikoresha thermoelectric mdoules peltier coolers, elements za peltier byombi biriyongera.

Gukonjesha mu bigo by’amakuru: Kwibanda ku bintu bishyuha cyane nka CPUS na GPUS, gukoresha module ya TEC mu gukonjesha byihariye ni kimwe mu byerekezo by’ubushakashatsi bwo kunoza imikorere myiza y’ingufu n’ubucucike bw’amakuru mu bigo by’amakuru.

Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga by'imodoka

Ikinyabiziga gishyirwa ku modoka: Ikinyabiziga gikoresha laser ya lidar gisaba ubushyuhe buhamye bwo gukora. TEC ni igice cy'ingenzi gituma ikora neza mu gihe imodoka ihagaze nabi (-40℃ kugeza +105℃).

Ibikoresho by’ubukorikori by’ubwenge n’uburyo bwo kwidagadura mu modoka: Bitewe n’imbaraga z’ikoranabuhanga ziyongera cyane, ibyo bakoresha mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bigenda bihura n’iby’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga. Biteganijwe ko ikoranabuhanga rya TEC module, TE cooler rizakoreshwa mu modoka zigezweho mu gihe kizaza.

Ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi n'ubuzima

Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bitwarwa mu buryo bwihuse kandi bunoze nka PCR instruments na ADN sequencers bisaba uburyo bwihuse kandi bunoze bwo gupima ubushyuhe, kandi module ya TEC,peltier niyo ngingo y'ingenzi yo kugenzura ubushyuhe. Uburyo bwo gupima no gutwara ibikoresho byagabanyije ubushyuhe bwatumye habaho iterambere rya TEC, peltier cooler nto kandi ikora neza.

Ibikoresho by'ubwiza: Bimwe mu bikoresho by'ubwiza bigezweho bikoresha Peltier effect ya TEC, peltier device kugira ngo bigere ku mikorere myiza yo gukanda ikonje n'ishyushye.

Ibidukikije by'ikirere n'ibidukikije byihariye

Gukonjesha infrared detector: Mu rwego rwa gisirikare, mu by’indege no mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, infrared detector zigomba gukonjeshwa kugeza ku bushyuhe buri hasi cyane (nk’ubushyuhe buri munsi ya -80℃) kugira ngo bigabanye urusaku. Multi-stage TEC module, multi-stage peltier module, multi-stage thermoelectric module ni igisubizo gito kandi cyizewe cyane kugira ngo kigere kuri iyi ntego.

Kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'umutwaro wa satelite: Gutanga ibidukikije bihamye by'ubushyuhe ku bikoresho by'ubuhanga kuri satelite.

Iv. Imbogamizi zihura nazo n'ibyitezwe mu gihe kizaza

Ikibazo nyamukuru: Gukoresha ingufu nke cyane bikomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye cya TEC module peltier module (module thermoelectric) ugereranije no gukoresha compressor isanzwe. Gukoresha thermoelectric cooling yayo ni hasi cyane ugereranyije n’iy’izunguruka rya Carnot.

Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza

Intego nyamukuru ni uguteza imbere ibikoresho: niba ibikoresho bishya bifite agaciro ka thermoelectric gafite agaciro ka 3.0 cyangwa karenga hafi y'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba bishobora kuvumburwa cyangwa gukorwa (ubu, Bi₂Te₃ y'ubucuruzi ni hafi 1.0), bizatera impinduramatwara mu nganda zose.

Guhuza sisitemu n'ubwenge: Irushanwa ry'ejo hazaza rizava ku "mikorere ya TEC ku giti cyaryo" rijye ku bushobozi bw'igisubizo rusange cya sisitemu cya "TEC+ gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe + kugenzura". Guhuza na AI mu kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'igihe kizaza nabyo ni icyerekezo.

Kugabanya ikiguzi no kwinjira ku isoko: Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ibikorwa byo gukora no gukora ku rwego runini, ibiciro bya TEC biteganijwe ko bizagabanuka cyane, bityo bikinjira mu masoko yo hagati ndetse no ku masoko menshi.

Muri make, inganda zikora ibikoresho bikonjesha amashanyarazi ku isi muri iki gihe ziri mu cyiciro cy’iterambere rishingiye ku mikoreshereze n’imikoranire mu guhanga udushya. Nubwo nta mpinduka zikomeye zabayeho mu bikoresho by’ibanze, binyuze mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhanga no guhuza cyane ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’iriheruka, module ya TEC Peltier, module ya peltier irimo kubona umwanya wayo udasanzwe mu bwinshi bw’ibikoresho bishya kandi bifite agaciro gakomeye, bigaragaza imbaraga zikomeye.